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1. A data engineer is using AWS Glue ETL jobs to process data at frequent intervals The processed data is then copied into Amazon S3 The ETL jobs run every 15 minutes. The AWS Glue Data Catalog partitions need to be updated automatically after the completion of each job

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

2. A company uses Amazon Redshift for its data warehousing needs. ETL jobs run every night to load data, apply business rules, and create aggregate tables for reporting. The company's data analysis, data science, and business intelligence teams use the data warehouse during regular business hours. The workload management is set to auto, and separate queues exist for each team with the priority set to NORMAL.

Recently, a sudden spike of read queries from the data analysis team has occurred at least twice daily, and queries wait in line for cluster resources. The company needs a solution that enables the data analysis team to avoid query queuing without impacting latency and the query times of other teams.

Which solution meets these requirements?

3. A financial services company is building a data lake solution on Amazon S3. The company plans to use analytics offerings from AWS to meet user needs for one-time querying and business intelligence reports. A portion of the columns will contain personally identifiable information (Pll). Only authorized users should be able to see plaintext PII data.

What is the MOST operationally efficient solution that meets these requirements?

4. A company has a process that writes two datasets in CSV format to an Amazon S3 bucket every 6 hours. The company needs to join the datasets, convert the data to Apache Parquet, and store the data within another bucket for users to query using Amazon Athena. The data also needs to be loaded to Amazon Redshift for advanced analytics. The company needs a solution that is resilient to the failure of any individual job component and can be restarted in case of an error.

Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?

5. A gaming company is building a serverless data lake. The company is ingesting streaming data into Amazon Kinesis Data Streams and is writing the data to Amazon S3 through Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose. The company is using 10 MB as the S3 buffer size and is using 90 seconds as the buffer interval. The company runs an AWS Glue ET L job to merge and transform the data to a different format before writing the data back to Amazon S3.

Recently, the company has experienced substantial growth in its data volume. The AWS Glue ETL jobs are frequently showing an OutOfMemoryError error.

Which solutions will resolve this issue without incurring additional costs? (Select TWO.)

6. A streaming application is reading data from Amazon Kinesis Data Streams and immediately writing the data to an Amazon S3 bucket every 10 seconds. The application is reading data from hundreds of shards. The batch interval cannot be changed due to a separate requirement. The data is being accessed by Amazon Athen

a. Users are seeing degradation in query performance as time progresses.

Which action can help improve query performance?

7. A company that monitors weather conditions from remote construction sites is setting up a solution to collect temperature data from the following two weather stations.

Station A, which has 10 sensors

Station B, which has five sensors

These weather stations were placed by onsite subject-matter experts.

Each sensor has a unique ID. The data collected from each sensor will be collected using Amazon Kinesis Data Streams.

Based on the total incoming and outgoing data throughput, a single Amazon Kinesis data stream with two shards is created. Two partition keys are created based on the station names. During testing, there is a bottleneck on data coming from Station A, but not from Station B. Upon review, it is confirmed that the total stream throughput is still less than the allocated Kinesis Data Streams throughput.

How can this bottleneck be resolved without increasing the overall cost and complexity of the solution, while retaining the data collection quality requirements?

8. An online retail company uses Amazon Redshift to store historical sales transactions. The company is required to encrypt data at rest in the clusters to comply with the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS). A corporate governance policy mandates management of encryption keys using an on-premises hardware security module (HSM).

Which solution meets these requirements?

9. A company wants to improve user satisfaction for its smart home system by adding more features to its recommendation engine. Each sensor asynchronously pushes its nested JSON data into Amazon Kinesis Data Streams using the Kinesis Producer Library (KPL) in Java. Statistics from a set of failed sensors showed that, when a sensor is malfunctioning, its recorded data is not always sent to the cloud.

The company needs a solution that offers near-real-time analytics on the data from the most updated sensors.

Which solution enables the company to meet these requirements?

10. A manufacturing company has many loT devices in different facilities across the world The company is using Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to collect the data from the devices

The company's operations team has started to observe many WnteThroughputExceeded exceptions The operations team determines that the reason is the number of records that are being written to certain shards The data contains device ID capture date measurement type, measurement value and facility ID The facility ID is used as the partition key

Which action will resolve this issue?

11. A company uses Amazon EC2 instances to receive files from external vendors throughout each day. At the end of each day, the EC2 instances combine the files into a single file, perform gzip compression, and upload the single file to an Amazon S3 bucket. The total size of all the files is approximately 100 GB each day.

When the files are uploaded to Amazon S3, an AWS Batch job runs a COPY command to load the files into an Amazon Redshift cluster.

Which solution will MOST accelerate the COPY process?

12. A company wants to use a data lake that is hosted on Amazon S3 to provide analytics services for historical data. The data lake consists of 800 tables but is expected to grow to thousands of tables. More than 50 departments use the tables, and each department has hundreds of users. Different departments need access to specific tables and columns.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

13. A network administrator needs to create a dashboard to visualize continuous network patterns over time in a company's AWS account. Currently, the company has VPC Flow Logs enabled and is publishing this data to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. To troubleshoot networking issues quickly, the dashboard needs to display the new data in near-real time.

Which solution meets these requirements?

14. A company collects data from parking garages. Analysts have requested the ability to run reports in near real time about the number of vehicles in each garage.

The company wants to build an ingestion pipeline that loads the data into an Amazon Redshift cluster. The solution must alert operations personnel when the number of vehicles in a particular garage exceeds a specific threshold. The alerting query will use garage threshold values as a static reference. The threshold values are stored in Amazon S3.

What is the MOST operationally efficient solution that meets these requirements?

15. An IoT company wants to release a new device that will collect data to track sleep overnight on an intelligent mattress. Sensors will send data that will be uploaded to an Amazon S3 bucket. About 2 MB of data is generated each night for each bed. Data must be processed and summarized for each user, and the results need to be available as soon as possible. Part of the process consists of time windowing and other functions. Based on tests with a Python script, every run will require about 1 GB of memory and will complete within a couple of minutes.

Which solution will run the script in the MOST cost-effective way?

16. A retail company has 15 stores across 6 cities in the United States. Once a month, the sales team requests a visualization in Amazon QuickSight that provides the ability to easily identify revenue trends across cities and stores. The visualization also helps identify outliers that need to be examined with further analysis.

Which visual type in QuickSight meets the sales team's requirements?

17. A global company has different sub-organizations, and each sub-organization sells its products and services in various countries. The company's senior leadership wants to quickly identify which sub-organization is the strongest performer in each country. All sales data is stored in Amazon S3 in Parquet format.

Which approach can provide the visuals that senior leadership requested with the least amount of effort?

18. A company wants to ingest clickstream data from its website into an Amazon S3 bucket. The streaming data is in JSON format. The data in the S3 bucket must be partitioned by product_id.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

19. An airline has been collecting metrics on flight activities for analytics. A recently completed proof of concept demonstrates how the company provides insights to data analysts to improve on-time departures. The proof of concept used objects in Amazon S3, which contained the metrics in .csv format, and used Amazon Athena for querying the data. As the amount of data increases, the data analyst wants to optimize the storage solution to improve query performance.

Which options should the data analyst use to improve performance as the data lake grows? (Choose three.)

20. A company wants to use an automatic machine learning (ML) Random Cut Forest (RCF) algorithm to visualize complex real-world scenarios, such as detecting seasonality and trends, excluding outers, and imputing missing values.

The team working on this project is non-technical and is looking for an out-of-the-box solution that will require the LEAST amount of management overhead.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

21. A company owns facilities with IoT devices installed across the world. The company is using Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to stream data from the devices to Amazon S3. The company's operations team wants to get insights from the IoT data to monitor data quality at ingestion. The insights need to be derived in near-real time, and the output must be logged to Amazon DynamoDB for further analysis.

Which solution meets these requirements?

22. A smart home automation company must efficiently ingest and process messages from various connected devices and sensors. The majority of these messages are comprised of a large number of small files. These messages are ingested using Amazon Kinesis Data Streams and sent to Amazon S3 using a Kinesis data stream consumer application. The Amazon S3 message data is then passed through a processing pipeline built on Amazon EMR running scheduled PySpark jobs.

The data platform team manages data processing and is concerned about the efficiency and cost of downstream data processing. They want to continue to use PySpark.

Which solution improves the efficiency of the data processing jobs and is well architected?

23. A large financial company is running its ETL process. Part of this process is to move data from Amazon S3 into an Amazon Redshift cluster. The company wants to use the most cost-efficient method to load the dataset into Amazon Redshift.

Which combination of steps would meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

24. A hospital is building a research data lake to ingest data from electronic health records (EHR) systems from multiple hospitals and clinics. The EHR systems are independent of each other and do not have a common patient identifier. The data engineering team is not experienced in machine learning (ML) and has been asked to generate a unique patient identifier for the ingested records.

Which solution will accomplish this task?

25. A healthcare company uses AWS data and analytics tools to collect, ingest, and store electronic health record (EHR) data about its patients. The raw EHR data is stored in Amazon S3 in JSON format partitioned by hour, day, and year and is updated every hour. The company wants to maintain the data catalog and metadata in an AWS Glue Data Catalog to be able to access the data using Amazon Athena or Amazon Redshift Spectrum for analytics.

When defining tables in the Data Catalog, the company has the following requirements:

Choose the catalog table name and do not rely on the catalog table naming algorithm. Keep the table updated with new partitions loaded in the respective S3 bucket prefixes.

Which solution meets these requirements with minimal effort?

26. A medical company has a system with sensor devices that read metrics and send them in real time to an Amazon Kinesis data stream. The Kinesis data stream has multiple shards. The company needs to calculate the average value of a numeric metric every second and set an alarm for whenever the value is above one threshold or below another threshold. The alarm must be sent to Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) in less than 30 seconds.

Which architecture meets these requirements?

27. A company uses Amazon Redshift as its data warehouse. The Redshift cluster is not encrypted. A data analytics specialist needs to use hardware security module (HSM) managed encryption keys to encrypt the data that is stored in the Redshift cluster.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select THREE.)

28. A company wants to optimize the cost of its data and analytics platform. The company is ingesting a number of .csv and JSON files in Amazon S3 from various data sources. Incoming data is expected to be 50 GB each day. The company is using Amazon Athena to query the raw data in Amazon S3 directly. Most queries aggregate data from the past 12 months, and data that is older than 5 years is infrequently queried. The typical query scans about 500 MB of data and is expected to return results in less than 1 minute. The raw data must be retained indefinitely for compliance requirements.

Which solution meets the company’s requirements?

29. A company using Amazon QuickSight Enterprise edition has thousands of dashboards analyses and datasets. The company struggles to manage and assign permissions for granting users access to various items within QuickSight. The company wants to make it easier to implement sharing and permissions management.

Which solution should the company implement to simplify permissions management?

30. A company is streaming its high-volume billing data (100 MBps) to Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. A data analyst partitioned the data on account_id to ensure that all records belonging to an account go to the same Kinesis shard and order is maintained. While building a custom consumer using the Kinesis Java SDK, the data analyst notices that, sometimes, the messages arrive out of order for account_id. Upon further investigation, the data analyst discovers the messages that are out of order seem to be arriving from different shards for the same account_id and are seen when a stream resize runs.

What is an explanation for this behavior and what is the solution?

31. A company uses Amazon Redshift for its data warehouse. The company is running an ET L process that receives data in data parts from five third-party providers. The data parts contain independent records that are related to one specific job. The company receives the data parts at various times

throughout each day.

A data analytics specialist must implement a solution that loads the data into Amazon Redshift only after the company receives all five data parts.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

32. An online food delivery company wants to optimize its storage costs. The company has been collecting operational data for the last 10 years in a data lake that was built on Amazon S3 by using a Standard storage class. The company does not keep data that is older than 7 years. The data analytics team frequently uses data from the past 6 months for reporting and runs queries on data from the last 2 years about once a month. Data that is more than 2 years old is rarely accessed and is only used for audit purposes.

Which combination of solutions will optimize the company's storage costs? (Select TWO.)

33. A company launched a service that produces millions of messages every day and uses Amazon Kinesis Data Streams as the streaming service.

The company uses the Kinesis SDK to write data to Kinesis Data Streams. A few months after launch, a data analyst found that write performance is significantly reduced. The data analyst investigated the metrics and determined that Kinesis is throttling the write requests. The data analyst wants to address this issue without significant changes to the architecture.

Which actions should the data analyst take to resolve this issue? (Choose two.)

34. A company is reading data from various customer databases that run on Amazon RDS. The databases contain many inconsistent fields For example, a customer record field that is place_id in one database is location_id in another database. The company wants to link customer records across different databases, even when many customer record fields do not match exactly.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

35. A company has 1 million scanned documents stored as image files in Amazon S3. The documents contain typewritten application forms with information including the applicant first name, applicant last name, application date, application type, and application text. The company has developed a machine learning algorithm to extract the metadata values from the scanned documents. The company wants to allow internal data analysts to analyze and find applications using the applicant name, application date, or application text. The original images should also be downloadable. Cost control is secondary to query performance.

Which solution organizes the images and metadata to drive insights while meeting the requirements?

36. An online retailer is rebuilding its inventory management system and inventory reordering system to automatically reorder products by using Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. The inventory management system uses the Kinesis Producer Library (KPL) to publish data to a stream. The inventory reordering system uses the Kinesis Client Library (KCL) to consume data from the stream. The stream has been configured to scale as needed. Just before production deployment, the retailer discovers that the inventory reordering system is receiving duplicated data.

Which factors could be causing the duplicated data? (Choose two.)

37. A manufacturing company is storing data from its operational systems in Amazon S3. The company's business analysts need to perform one-time queries of the data in Amazon S3 with Amazon Athen a. The company needs to access the Athena service from the on-premises network by using a JDBC connection. The company has created a VPC. Security policies mandate that requests to AWS services cannot traverse the internet.

Which combination of steps should a data analytics specialist take to meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)

38. A hospital uses an electronic health records (EHR) system to collect two types of data

• Patient information, which includes a patient's name and address

• Diagnostic tests conducted and the results of these tests

Patient information is expected to change periodically Existing diagnostic test data never changes and only new records are added

The hospital runs an Amazon Redshift cluster with four dc2.large nodes and wants to automate the ingestion of the patient information and diagnostic test data into respective Amazon Redshift tables for analysis The EHR system exports data as CSV files to an Amazon S3 bucket on a daily basis Two sets of CSV files are generated One set of files is for patient information with updates, deletes, and inserts The other set of files is for new diagnostic test data only

What is the MOST cost-effective solution to meet these requirements?

39. A social media company is using business intelligence tools to analyze data for forecasting. The company is using Apache Kafka to ingest data. The company wants to build dynamic dashboards that include machine learning (ML) insights to forecast key business trends.

The dashboards must show recent batched data that is not more than 75 minutes old. Various teams at the company want to view the dashboards by using Amazon QuickSight with ML insights.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

40. A marketing company is using Amazon EMR clusters for its workloads. The company manually installs third- party libraries on the clusters by logging in to the master nodes. A data analyst needs to create an automated solution to replace the manual process.

Which options can fulfill these requirements? (Choose two.)

41. A company has an application that ingests streaming data. The company needs to analyze this stream over a 5-minute timeframe to evaluate the stream for anomalies with Random Cut Forest (RCF) and summarize the current count of status codes. The source and summarized data should be persisted for future use.

Which approach would enable the desired outcome while keeping data persistence costs low?

42. A company has a fitness tracker application that generates data from subscribers. The company needs real-time reporting on this data. The data is sent immediately, and the processing latency must be less than 1 second. The company wants to perform anomaly detection on the data as the data is collected. The company also requires a solution that minimizes operational overhead.

Which solution meets these requirements?

43. A company wants to research user turnover by analyzing the past 3 months of user activities. With millions of users, 1.5 TB of uncompressed data is generated each day. A 30-node Amazon Redshift cluster with 2.56 TB of solid state drive (SSD) storage for each node is required to meet the query performance goals.

The company wants to run an additional analysis on a year’s worth of historical data to examine trends indicating which features are most popular. This analysis will be done once a week.

What is the MOST cost-effective solution?

44. A retail company stores order invoices in an Amazon OpenSearch Service (Amazon Elasticsearch Service) cluster Indices on the cluster are created monthly Once a new month begins, no new writes are made to any of the indices from the previous months The company has been expanding the storage on the Amazon OpenSearch Service {Amazon Elasticsearch Service) cluster to avoid running out of space, but the company wants to reduce costs Most searches on the cluster are on the most recent 3 months of data while the audit team requires infrequent access to older data to generate periodic reports The most recent 3 months of data must be quickly available for queries, but the audit team can tolerate slower queries if the solution saves on cluster costs

Which of the following is the MOST operationally efficient solution to meet these requirements?

45. A university intends to use Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to collect JSON-formatted batches of water quality readings in Amazon S3. The readings are from 50 sensors scattered across a local lake. Students will query the stored data using Amazon Athena to observe changes in a captured metric over time, such as water temperature or acidity. Interest has grown in the study, prompting the university to reconsider how data will be stored.

Which data format and partitioning choices will MOST significantly reduce costs? (Choose two.)

46. A large company has several independent business units. Each business unit is responsible for its own data, but needs to share data with other units for collaboration.

Each unit stores data in an Amazon S3 data lake created with AWS Lake Formation. To create dashboard reports, the marketing team wants to join its data stored in an Amazon Redshift cluster with the sales team customer table stored in the data lake. The sales team has a large number of tables and schemas, but the marketing team should only have access to the customer table. The solution must be secure and scalable.

Which set of actions meets these requirements?

47. A marketing company has an application that stores event data in an Amazon RDS database. The company is replicating this data to Amazon Redshift for reporting and business intelligence (BI) purposes. New event data is continuously generated and ingested into the RDS database throughout the day and captured by a change data capture (CDC) replication task in AWS Database Migration Service (AWS DMS). The company requires that the new data be replicated to Amazon Redshift in near-real time.

Which solution meets these requirements?

48. A company is migrating from an on-premises Apache Hadoop cluster to an Amazon EMR cluster. The cluster runs only during business hours. Due to a company requirement to avoid intraday cluster failures, the EMR cluster must be highly available. When the cluster is terminated at the end of each business day, the data must persist.

Which configurations would enable the EMR cluster to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

49. A company is building a data lake and needs to ingest data from a relational database that has time-series data. The company wants to use managed services to accomplish this. The process needs to be scheduled daily and bring incremental data only from the source into Amazon S3.

What is the MOST cost-effective approach to meet these requirements?

50. A company’s marketing team has asked for help in identifying a high performing long-term storage service for their data based on the following requirements:

The data size is approximately 32 TB uncompressed.

There is a low volume of single-row inserts each day.

There is a high volume of aggregation queries each day.

Multiple complex joins are performed.

The queries typically involve a small subset of the columns in a table.

Which storage service will provide the MOST performant solution?

51. An Amazon Redshift database contains sensitive user data. Logging is necessary to meet compliance requirements. The logs must contain database authentication attempts, connections, and disconnections. The logs must also contain each query run against the database and record which database user ran each query.

Which steps will create the required logs?

52. A large ecommerce company uses Amazon DynamoDB with provisioned read capacity and auto scaled write capacity to store its product catalog. The company uses Apache HiveQL statements on an Amazon EMR cluster to query the DynamoDB table. After the company announced a sale on all of its products, wait times for each query have increased. The data analyst has determined that the longer wait times are being caused by throttling when querying the table.

Which solution will solve this issue?

53. A data analytics specialist is building an automated ETL ingestion pipeline using AWS Glue to ingest compressed files that have been uploaded to an Amazon S3 bucket. The ingestion pipeline should support incremental data processing.

Which AWS Glue feature should the data analytics specialist use to meet this requirement?

54. A large ride-sharing company has thousands of drivers globally serving millions of unique customers every day. The company has decided to migrate an existing data mart to Amazon Redshift. The existing schema includes the following tables.

A trips fact table for information on completed rides. A drivers dimension table for driver profiles.

A customers fact table holding customer profile information.

The company analyzes trip details by date and destination to examine profitability by region. The drivers data rarely changes. The customers data frequently changes.

What table design provides optimal query performance?

55. A company is creating a data lake by using AWS Lake Formation. The data that will be stored in the data lake contains sensitive customer information and must be encrypted at rest using an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key to meet regulatory requirements.

How can the company store the data in the data lake to meet these requirements?

56. A data analyst is using AWS Glue to organize, cleanse, validate, and format a 200 GB dataset. The data analyst triggered the job to run with the Standard worker type. After 3 hours, the AWS Glue job status is still RUNNING. Logs from the job run show no error codes. The data analyst wants to improve the job execution time without overprovisioning.

Which actions should the data analyst take?

57. A manufacturing company has been collecting IoT sensor data from devices on its factory floor for a year and is storing the data in Amazon Redshift for daily analysis. A data analyst has determined that, at an expected ingestion rate of about 2 TB per day, the cluster will be undersized in less than 4 months. A long-term solution is needed. The data analyst has indicated that most queries only reference the most recent 13 months of data, yet there are also quarterly reports that need to query all the data generated from the past 7 years. The chief technology officer (CTO) is concerned about the costs, administrative effort, and performance of a long-term solution.

Which solution should the data analyst use to meet these requirements?

58. A company needs to store objects containing log data in JSON format. The objects are generated by eight applications running in AWS. Six of the applications generate a total of 500 KiB of data per second, and two of the applications can generate up to 2 MiB of data per second.

A data engineer wants to implement a scalable solution to capture and store usage data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The usage data objects need to be reformatted, converted to .csv format, and then compressed before they are stored in Amazon S3. The company requires the solution to include the least custom code possible and has authorized the data engineer to request a service quota increase if needed.

Which solution meets these requirements?

59. A company uses an Amazon EMR cluster with 50 nodes to process operational data and make the data available for data analysts These jobs run nightly use Apache Hive with the Apache Jez framework as a processing model and write results to Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) In the last few weeks, jobs are failing and are producing the following error message "File could only be replicated to 0 nodes instead of 1"

A data analytics specialist checks the DataNode logs the NameNode logs and network connectivity for potential issues that could have prevented HDFS from replicating data The data analytics specialist rules out these factors as causes for the issue

Which solution will prevent the jobs from failing'?

60. A company has multiple data workflows to ingest data from its operational databases into its data lake on Amazon S3. The workflows use AWS Glue and Amazon EMR for data processing and ETL. The company wants to enhance its architecture to provide automated orchestration and minimize manual intervention

Which solution should the company use to manage the data workflows to meet these requirements?

61. A company has an application that ingests streaming data. The company needs to analyze this stream over a 5-minute timeframe to evaluate the stream for anomalies with Random Cut Forest (RCF) and summarize the current count of status codes. The source and summarized data should be persisted for future use.

Which approach would enable the desired outcome while keeping data persistence costs low?

62. A company has several Amazon EC2 instances sitting behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) The company wants its IT Infrastructure team to analyze the IP addresses coming into the company's ALB The ALB is configured to store access logs in Amazon S3 The access logs create about 1 TB of data each day, and access to the data will be infrequent. The company needs a solution that is scalable, cost-effective and has minimal maintenance requirements

Which solution meets these requirements?

63. A company developed a new elections reporting website that uses Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose to deliver full logs from AWS WAF to an Amazon S3 bucket. The company is now seeking a low-cost option to perform this infrequent data analysis with visualizations of logs in a way that requires minimal development effort.

Which solution meets these requirements?